Adobe Acrobat Reader 9 Software
by Gazza on Jun.01, 2010, under Free Downloads, Top Downloads
Adobe Reader is a small application that lets you read and print from any system any document created as an Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) file, complete with its original appearance preserved.
PDF files are small and compact they can be shared, viewed, navigated, and printed exactly as the author intended by anyone with Adobe Reader.
The newest version of this indispensable product doesn’t introduce revolutionary changes.
It simply keeps up with Acrobat Professional and Standard.
Adding the ability to play back embedded multimedia files in MP3, QuickTime, Macromedia Flash, Real, and Windows Media formats, as well as to submit Adobe PDF forms.
It replaces some of the icons in the default interface with optional, dockable toolbars.
You should install this now before a Website you visit prompts you to download it, because you’ll need it.
February 2009 warning
Adobe released a Security Bulletin announcing Javascript vulnerabilities.
US-CERT recommended users change two default preferences in the program:
- Disable JavaScript in Adobe Reader and Acrobat. Acrobat JavaScript can be disabled in the General preferences dialog (Edit, Preferences, JavaScript, and un-check “Enable Acrobat JavaScript”).
- Disable the displaying of PDF documents in the web browser. This can be disabled in the General preferences dialog (Edit, Preferences, Internet, and un-check “Display PDF in browser”).
For users of Internet Explorer, US-CERT recommended changing an additional default behavior:
- Prevent Internet Explorer from automatically opening PDF documents (by editing a registry key in Microsoft Windows).
January 2010 Google/China Incident
It was reported on January 14, 2010 that an analyst identified a vulnerability in Internet Explorer as a tool used to spy on companies and individuals.
“…independent research conducted by security firm McAfee, which has found evidence that a vulnerability in Internet Explorer—but not Acrobat Reader—was exploited in the attack. iDefense later retracted its claim about PDFs, but stands behind the rest of its report.”
Acrobat Reader History
Version 1.0
Acrobat 1.0 was originally released 15 June 1993 for Macintosh, later for DOS and Windows 3.1.
This was not available in single copies and was not initially free, with Acrobat Reader originally priced at $50 per user.
After a while the IRS purchased a right to distribute Reader 1.0, effectively making it seem free to those who obtained it that way:
- PDF version 1.0 supported.
- Acrobat Exchange 1.0 (included PDFWriter printer driver and Acrobat Exchange application).
- Acrobat Distiller 1.0. Created a PDF from PostScript (no printer driver at this stage).
Version 2.0
Acrobat 2.0 for Windows and Macintosh was first released September 1994:
- PDF version 1.1 (and prior) supported.
- Acrobat Exchange 2.0, package as 1.0.
- Acrobat Professional 2.0, which included the contents of Acrobat Exchange, plus Distiller.
- There were 2.1 updates.
- Acrobat Catalog was introduced, using Verity, Inc. technology to create searchable indexes to PDF files. Searching required a special version of Acrobat Reader or Acrobat Exchange.
Version 3.0
Acrobat 3.0 was released November 1996.
The first to display PDF files in-browser, and the first to support form filling:
- PDF version 1.2 (and prior) supported.
- A free Reader to allow searching was made available, but was not part of the default download.
- Acrobat 3.0: replaced Acrobat Professional 2.1. Included Acrobat Catalog, and a Distiller printer driver.
- Updates to 3.01 and 3.02; 3.02 introduced extended forms capabilities and JavaScript.
- First release with support for Windows 95 and later. Last release with support for Windows 3.1.
Version 4.0
Acrobat 4.0 was released April 1999.
PDF version 1.3 (and prior) supported. Added support for PKI and digital signatures via plug-ins.
- Acrobat 4.0.
- Updates to 4.05.
- Introduced Distiller Server 4.0, identical to the regular Distiller but with a multi-user license (Windows, Linux, Solaris).
- Acrobat Business Tools 4.0: a limited version of Acrobat.
Version 5.0
Acrobat 5.0 was released May 2001.
- PDF version 1.4 (and prior) supported.
- Acrobat 5.0. PDFWriter removed from Macintosh application
- Updates to 5.0.5. Acrobat 5.0.5 was the first to be able to run native in Mac OS X, but also ran in Mac OS 9.
- Distiller Server 5.0.
- Acrobat Approval 5.0: a limited version of Acrobat, mainly sold to people who wanted to digitally sign or save fill in forms.
- Acrobat Reader 5.1: supported the Adobe LiveCycle Reader Extensions (e.g. forms saving) (which was then under a different name).
- Last version to support Windows 95.
Version 6.0
Acrobat 6.0 was released July 2003. No Linux or Unix versions were released:
- PDF version 1.5 (and prior) supported. Added support for PKI via Microsoft Windows CryptoAPI without plug-in.
Acrobat Professional 6.0: replacement for Acrobat 5.0, with new features. Distiller printer driver renamed Adobe PDF. PDFWriter now gone for good. New version of Catalog integrated and not compatible with earlier products for searching. - Acrobat Standard 6.0: limited version of Acrobat Professional, including Distiller but lacking features including Catalog, form design, prepress support.
- Updates to 6.0.1, 6.0.2, 6.0.3, 6.0.4, 6.0.5 and 6.0.6
- Dropped support for Windows 95 and Windows 98 First Edition. Acrobat Standard was for Windows 98 Second Edition, Me, NT 4.0 SP6, 2000 SP2, and XP only. The professional version dropped support for Windows 98 SE and ME. Version 6.0 also dropped support for Mac OS 9 and earlier. It was the first release for Mac OS X.
- Adobe Reader 6.0: Renamed from Acrobat Reader.
- Distiller Server 6.0.
- Acrobat Elements 6.0: PDF creation only, aimed at the corporate market (minimum 1000 licenses, Windows only)
- Acrobat Elements Server 6.0: client/server version of Acrobat Elements
- Technology for “Reader enabling”, allowing Reader to save, sign or annotate PDF files if the licensee had enabled the files.
Version 7.0
- Adobe Acrobat 7.0 was released January 2005:
- PDF version 1.6 (and prior) supported. Added support for Adobe Policy Server rights management.
- Updates to 7.0.1, 7.0.2, 7.0.3, 7.0.5, 7.0.7, 7.0.8, 7.0.9, 7.1.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.1.3 and 7.1.4.
- Dropped support for Windows 98 Second Edition and Windows Me.
- Acrobat Professional 7.0: now included Adobe LiveCycle Designer 7.0 (Windows only) for XML form design (different and incompatible with previous form support)—ability to embed 3D object information from the .u3d Universal 3D format. First version to include controversial mandatory product activation.
- Acrobat Standard 7.0
- Acrobat Elements 7.0 (now minimum 100 licenses)
- Acrobat 3D (Windows only): included all of the functionality of Acrobat Professional 7.0 as well as updated support for embedded 3D, tools for capturing 3D content from OpenGL applications, and the Adobe Acrobat 3D Toolkit for converting CAD documents to PDF objects. Also included is a version of the capture tool for installation on Unix.
- Windows NT 4.0 SP6, 2000 SP2, XP, Mac OS X only for Acrobat. Although Linux, Solaris (SPARC only), HP-UX and AIX versions of Adobe Reader have been released.
- Other LiveCycle products include LiveCycle Barcoded Forms, LiveCycle Document Security, LiveCycle Reader Extensions (previously Document Server for Reader Extensions and other names), LiveCycle Forms (previously Form Server), LiveCycle Form Manager, LiveCycle Policy Server and LiveCycle Workflow. Some of these are server solutions intended for large businesses. Only LiveCycle Designer is bundled with Acrobat Professional.
- Adobe Reader 8 running on Windows Vista
Version 8.0
Adobe Acrobat 8.0 was released November 2006:
- PDF version 1.7 (and prior) supported.
- Acrobat 8 Elements (was withdrawn before its expected release in mid-2007)
- Acrobat 8 Standard (Windows only; Macintosh version not produced)
- Acrobat 8 Professional
- Acrobat 3D Version 8 (released May 31). Ability to produce embedded PRC data: highly compressed format for geometry and graphics (requires Reader 8.1 to display). Capture 3D tools (Windows and Unix) for capturing 3D content from OpenGL applications. Product Manufacturing Information, with support for many different CAD formats.
- Acrobat Connect (new in Acrobat family, formerly Macromedia Breeze): online personal meeting rooms to collaborate in real time for up to 15 participants.
- Acrobat Connect Professional (new in Acrobat family, formerly Macromedia Breeze): Scalable, interactive web conferencing and multiple personal meeting rooms for everyone across an enterprise.
- Mac OS X versions are Universal binary and only run on Mac OS X 10.4 or greater.
- On June 2007, an update version 8.1 for Acrobat 8 Professional and Adobe Reader 8 was released in order to support Microsoft Office 2007, Windows Vista, and 64-bit Windows Operating Systems.
- September 2007, Reader 8.1.1 released for Linux and Solaris(SPARC) users.
- Version 8.2 was released on January 12, 2010.
- Version 8.2.1 was released on February 16, 2010.
- Version 8.2.2 was released on April 13, 2010.
Version 9.0
Adobe Acrobat 9.0 was released July 2008:
- PDF version 1.7 (and prior) supported. There are Adobe extensions to PDF 1.7 for Acrobat 9.
- Product Family includes: Acrobat Standard 9 (Windows only), Acrobat Pro 9, Acrobat Pro Extended 9 (Windows only).
- Pro Extended Version includes Adobe Presenter and the features of Acrobat 3D.
- The ability to create Acroforms was restored to Acrobat Standard in this release (in versions 6 through 8, Acrobat Professional was required).
- Enable real-time collaboration of PDFs with synchronized document views and chat.
- Improved Web Capture for capturing entire web pages or just some parts into PDF.
- Integration with acrobat.com to enable storage and sharing of PDF files.
- Personalize a PDF Portfolio with customizable templates for navigation and branding.
- Compare and highlight the differences between two versions of a PDF document.
- Insert FLV (Flash) or H.264 video for direct playback in Adobe Acrobat and Adobe Reader.
- Convert a variety of video formats to FLV for playback in PDF.
- Create PDF maps by importing geospatial files that retain metadata and coordinates.
- OCR PDFs (Paper Capture) using ClearScan. Adobe ClearScan technology creates custom Type1-CID fonts to match the visual appearance of a scanned document after optical character recognition (OCR). ClearScan does not replace the fonts with your system fonts or substitute them by Type1-MM (as in Acrobat 8 and earlier versions), but uses these newly created custom fonts. The custom fonts are embedded in the PDF file (this is obviously mandatory). If the OCR does not recognize a word with enough confidence, then the image (bitmap) of the word is shown in the PDF and the text is put above but hidden (same as what is made in “Searchable Image” mode).
- Adobe Reader 9 drops support for Adobe Reader Extensions 5 and 6 which permit Adobe Reader client software to save changes to filled-in forms in PDFs. Adobe Reader Extensions 6.1 and newer are still supported. Legacy PDFs will still be viewable, however they will open with the warning “This document enables Reader capabilities that are no longer enabled in this Reader version.”
- Support for MDI mode was disabled; Acrobat 9 only supports SDI.
- March 10, 2009, Adobe Reader 9.1 was released which addresses a number of customer workflow issues and a critical security vulnerability while providing more stability.
- May 12, 2009, Adobe Reader 9.1.1 was released which addresses two critical security vulnerabilities.
- June 9, 2009, update version 9.1.2 was released which addresses a number of critical security vulnerabilities.
- July 31, 2009, update version 9.1.3 was released which addresses a number of critical security vulnerabilities.
- October 14, 2009, Adobe Acrobat 9.2 was released (added support for Windows 7 x86/x64 and fixed many security issues).
- January 12, 2010, Adobe Reader 9.3 was released which addresses a number of critical security vulnerabilities.
- February 16, 2010, Adobe Acrobat 9.3.1 was released which addresses two critical security vulnerabilities.
- April 13, 2010, Adobe Acrobat 9.3.2 was released which addresses several critical security vulnerabilities.

July 4th, 2010 on 2:48 am
Hey extremely great website!! Man .
. Lovely .. Awesome .. I will bookmark your weblog and take the feeds also..
.
July 5th, 2010 on 10:49 pm
Hello, this is my first time i visit here. I found so many interesting in your blog especially on how to determine the topic. keep up the good work.
July 7th, 2010 on 9:53 am
Just write like you’re talking to your friends. And soon, they will be.
July 7th, 2010 on 4:00 pm
Wonderful journey and experience.
July 8th, 2010 on 12:36 pm
Many thanks for sharing this wonderful post. Please hold up this weblog as ensure that it is an example of my preferred web site in my reader, with thanks
July 8th, 2010 on 10:27 pm
You have surely were exceptionally stressful tips and hints mass popularity this particular wonderful weblog, It was eventually highly exciting which often can go through. Cannot kill time to see quit articles about inside the up coming times. My apologies for your large assess, yet unfortunately Would genuinely caring might site, additionally somewhat in this, as well as the outstanding evaluations a selected folks have written, have to aid buyers determine just in case it’s usually appropriate option to suit your needs. Could be the fineststep.
July 13th, 2010 on 12:57 pm
Make more post like this one
Salamande
http://www.kickspro.com/
July 18th, 2010 on 10:11 pm
Get it done Your self is so alot simpler whenever you can come across excellent reports similar to this one.
July 22nd, 2010 on 2:58 am
I liked reading your blog ~ thanks for posting such awesome content.
July 25th, 2010 on 1:34 pm
superb post. Was really good quality in general and some new information for me which i didin’t know before reading your post.
July 26th, 2010 on 10:52 pm
This is positively one of the most remarkable blogs I have seen. It’s so painless to tune out, but there’s really some first class information online, and I think your blog is one of the few!
July 27th, 2010 on 6:16 pm
Great article, i hope can know much information About it http://www.healthyedu.com
July 28th, 2010 on 5:20 am
Nice post¡Thank you for sharing some good things fitness & exercise
July 29th, 2010 on 1:15 am
That is very interesting. It provided me a number of ideas and I’ll be writing them on my web site soon. I’m bookmarking your site and I’ll be back. Thanks again!
August 2nd, 2010 on 8:03 pm
Adding to my bookmarks thanks. Needed more pictures though.
August 3rd, 2010 on 8:39 pm
Hey tremendously great blog!!
August 5th, 2010 on 5:32 pm
Wow this takes me back. Do you have a RSS feed?
August 5th, 2010 on 5:32 pm
Great post, thanks. Like your blog design too.
August 5th, 2010 on 7:18 pm
Nice to find out you back. And again through an interesting post.
August 5th, 2010 on 8:28 pm
Adding to my bookmarks thanks. Do you have a RSS feed?
August 6th, 2010 on 2:43 pm
Hiya, fascinating write-up. Are there any sort of authority net sites about beauty pro’s and also salon products for the reason that we often devote my very existence searching and find myself in niche article web sites. Your amazing webpage is relevant in my opinion and For certain i will naturally book mark your blog site. Sorry with respect to being off subject, i suppose I’m slightly exasperated.
August 7th, 2010 on 9:47 am
Not like the mainstream concepts, I’ve to disagree with you, as there are just so many different factors to consider. Nicely in case you are open for link change, maybe we should be in contact with each other, in order that we are able to construct a greater weblog together. What do you think?
August 8th, 2010 on 4:29 am
http://magic-crack.com/blog/?p=12 obviously a great blog!
August 9th, 2010 on 6:20 am
Post bookmarked and digged, I¡¯ll post my feedback on my profile asap
August 10th, 2010 on 5:12 am
Awesome! I look at a great deal of articles every single day, but I must say that this one is the best. Please keep going, I don’t want you to stop. Best Wishes … Maurice Kibe
August 10th, 2010 on 6:13 am
Ah, I discover the very fact has limitless debatable points. I do not wish to argue with you right here, but I have my very own opinions as well. Anyway, you probably did an incredible job in writing the submit, and want to reward you for the arduous work. Keep up with the nice job!
August 10th, 2010 on 12:39 pm
Hello great website, I found your website as I was doing research on how to develop my web log. I was simply inquiring what spam pluggin you use for comments because I get a great deal on my blogs.
August 10th, 2010 on 6:27 pm
No person can be exactly like me. On occasion steady I experience trouble doing it.
August 10th, 2010 on 6:32 pm
I am very happy at having read the above entry. You’ve got to give us more entries in the coming weeks. I will be anticipating posts like this with keen interest. Kristopher Pikula
August 10th, 2010 on 8:03 pm
Quite possibly the most concise and also informed information I recently found on that area. Indeed happy that I saw your web page by chance. I’ll be opting-in to your own feed in order that I will obtain the current posts. Truly appreciate all the details here.
August 11th, 2010 on 8:57 am
You have a fantastic article here, extremely helpful. Very well written I will be bookmarking your website and subscribing to your feed so i can always read content of this quality.
August 11th, 2010 on 4:42 pm
I smoked for most of my life. I understand it affects my health therefore I wish to quit smoking however it is almost impossible. None of the stopping aids did the trick. Then I stumbled on the e-cigs. It has practically made all the difference. No more inhaling and exhaling poisons feels extraordinary!
August 11th, 2010 on 6:20 pm
If you want to buy real estate, you would have to receive the home loans. Moreover, my father all the time uses a student loan, which occurs to be really firm.
August 11th, 2010 on 10:37 pm
I hope you have a nice day! Very good article, well written and very thought out. I am looking forward to reading more of your posts in the future.
August 11th, 2010 on 10:38 pm
I hope you have a great day! Very good article, well written and very thought out. I am looking forward to reading more of your posts in the future.
August 12th, 2010 on 12:37 am
shares utilize a good web-site decent Gives cheers for the work to guide me
August 12th, 2010 on 3:04 am
Now I have read your article and by the way I found you website on Bing and I think after I read particularpost on you website especially this one I have my own opinion about what should I say on the next hang out with my family, maybe tomorrow I will tell my friendsabout this one and get debate.
August 12th, 2010 on 6:32 pm
Hypotheken? Heel veel hypotheek informatie: verschillende hypotheekvormen, hypotheekrentes, nationale hypotheek garantie, hoe een hypotheek te vergelijken.
August 12th, 2010 on 8:02 pm
Yikes this definitely takes me back, i’ve been wondering about this subject for a while.
August 12th, 2010 on 8:15 pm
thanks for the useful blog post. I had been thrilled while i looked over your post and have made an important membership with it. Make sure you update this post when you are able since I would like more information.
August 13th, 2010 on 10:10 am
Bookmarking now thanks, are you on twitter?
August 13th, 2010 on 11:42 am
Hoeveel kan ik lenen? (hypotheek). Wat worden mijn maandlasten? (hypotheek) … Hoeveel hypotheek heb ik nodig? Hoe hoog is de boete die ik nu zou moeten
August 14th, 2010 on 4:54 pm
Lenen zonder BKR toetsing gaat vandaag heel gemakkelijk. Binnen een paar uur geld lenen zonder BKR toetsing doet u hier, lees snel verder
August 15th, 2010 on 5:46 am
I¡¯m really to be finally posting online after all these years. There really is no mystery about it, is there? I just dropped by your blog and had to write. I¡¯m a recent college grad, journalism major if you must know, and I absolutely love the art of photography. I¡¯ve got my website up but it¡¯s nothing to brag about yet. None of my stuff¡¯s been posted. Soon as I figure out how to do that, I¡¯ll spend the day posting my best pictures. anyway just thought I¡¯d drop a line. I hope to return with more substantial stuff, stuff you can actually use. SPG
August 15th, 2010 on 11:59 am
The artical is so excellent!
August 15th, 2010 on 6:53 pm
U wilt geld lenen zonder BKR toetsing? De opties hiervoor worden groter, kijk verder en ontdek hoe u wél geld kunt lenen, snel & eenvoudig.
August 16th, 2010 on 6:19 pm
I enjoyed seeing this, i’ve been thinking about this for a while.
August 16th, 2010 on 6:54 pm
Just want commentabout this article, after reading whole of this it make me to have new vision about one important event, hope I can read more good news again from you so I subscribe your website.
August 18th, 2010 on 9:32 am
I absolutely love reading your website, your manner of writing is fantastic.This article as usual was enlightening, I have had to bookmark your website and subscribe to your feed in feeburner. Your website looks spot on.
August 21st, 2010 on 1:11 am
It’s mind boggling how many articles and news come out on a hourly basis.
August 21st, 2010 on 1:16 pm
Pussssyyy I am thirteen and I can drink higher then this girl
August 23rd, 2010 on 3:40 pm
Hi, Was looking for opportunity to post because it beats phoning! I’m sure really astounded by the contribution some other blog writers are making with your web page and desire to contribute as well when as i can. I concur along with the previous poster and desire to check back now and again.
August 24th, 2010 on 10:30 am
Amazing stuff,Many thanks so Very much for this!This is very Helpful Article for me. This will absolutely Heading to help me in my Tasks .
August 24th, 2010 on 2:25 pm
Fascinating article with many Helpful advises. Thank you very much, I?l start reading your blog.
August 24th, 2010 on 8:39 pm
Wow this definitely takes me back, do you twitter?
August 25th, 2010 on 3:51 am
I like the writing theme of your website and it does a pretty decent job of presenting the information.
August 25th, 2010 on 8:55 am
Accomplishment.
August 26th, 2010 on 12:20 pm
A Genuinely amazing Write-up. Many thanks for sharing you?e wealth of Information with us once Once Additional. It? no wonder your Weblog does
August 27th, 2010 on 8:05 am
Hello, Thanks for the opportunity to blog post here as it beats phoning! We’re very impressed by the contribution many other people are generating on your own site and desire to add in addition any time i can. I concur along with the actual earlier poster and desire to return now and again.
August 27th, 2010 on 9:06 am
Really great, practicly explained and useful tips.
August 27th, 2010 on 11:27 am
Once Once more great post. You Appear to have a Excellent Knowing of these themes.When I entering your blog,I felt this .
August 27th, 2010 on 5:53 pm
A topic close to my heart cheers, i’ve been thinking about this for a while.
August 27th, 2010 on 6:24 pm
Adding to my bookmarks thanks, do you twitter?
August 29th, 2010 on 1:01 pm
Are available on and keep writting your blog will be more attractive. To Your Success!
August 30th, 2010 on 3:54 pm
Good article, Every and Every Stage is Excellent enough.Many thanks for sharing with us your wisdom.
September 1st, 2010 on 10:11 am
Finding websites with as much information as this one is always a pleasure I wll be sure to come back and visit again real soon, keep up the good work.
September 1st, 2010 on 12:14 pm
I will visit your blog regularly for some latest post.
September 1st, 2010 on 4:06 pm
I totally enjoy ur blg! TY for the post, quite informative.
September 2nd, 2010 on 1:17 am
Thanks so much for your great article;this is the kind of thing that keeps me going through out the day. I’ve been searching around for your site after being referred to them from a buddy and was pleased when I found it after searching for long time. Being a avid blogger, I’m happy to see others taking initivative and contributing to the community. I just wanted to comment to show my support for your page as it is very challenging to do, and many writers do not get appreciation they deserve. I am sure I’ll be back and will send some of my friends.
September 2nd, 2010 on 7:20 am
Lol, what else can be said.
September 2nd, 2010 on 9:39 am
This is such a great resource that you are providing and you give it away for free. I love seeing websites that understand the value of providing a quality resource for free. It is the old what goes around comes around routine. Did you acquired lots of links and I see lots of trackbacks??
September 2nd, 2010 on 1:45 pm
I usually don’t post in Blogs but your weblog forced me to, awesome stuff… luvly
September 2nd, 2010 on 9:40 pm
I liked reading this, like your blog design too. Must be Drupal?
September 2nd, 2010 on 9:45 pm
That’s some interesting information there; never really viewed it carefully like that; i think more comments on topics like this make the information more believable.
September 3rd, 2010 on 12:46 pm
I completely luv ur blog! Ty 4 d post, really informative.
September 3rd, 2010 on 4:08 pm
Great information in your posting, I saw a report on a site last week about this same stuff and since I am getting married in four weeks and the timing couldn’t have been better! Thanks for the post!
September 3rd, 2010 on 6:31 pm
Good post. I found just what I needed.
September 3rd, 2010 on 7:10 pm
Just book marked ur site on Delicious and StumbleUpon.I enjoy readin ur commentaries.
September 4th, 2010 on 1:25 am
Thank you for share very good informations. Your website is great
September 4th, 2010 on 3:53 am
Thank you for this useful information; makes a change not to see content that is complete rubbish.
September 4th, 2010 on 4:04 am
Who would have think about this.
September 4th, 2010 on 1:06 pm
I’ve rss reader to my rss reader can check out further posts from you. Definitely anticipating more posts on topic. Thanks for such an informative blog!
September 4th, 2010 on 3:53 pm
You have a fantastic post here, very informative. Very well written I shall be bookmarking the website and subscribing to your feed so i can always read content of this quality.
September 4th, 2010 on 10:46 pm
I really enjoy your blog posts, thank you very much you have helped me out greatly
spread the love.